docker-compose-orchestration

仓库: manutej/luxor-claude-marketplace
安装量: 518
排名: #2079

安装

npx skills add https://github.com/manutej/luxor-claude-marketplace --skill docker-compose-orchestration

Docker Compose Orchestration

A comprehensive skill for orchestrating multi-container applications using Docker Compose. This skill enables rapid development, deployment, and management of containerized applications with service definitions, networking strategies, volume management, health checks, and production-ready configurations.

When to Use This Skill

Use this skill when:

Building multi-container applications (microservices, full-stack apps) Setting up development environments with databases, caching, and services Orchestrating frontend, backend, and database services together Managing service dependencies and startup order Configuring networks and inter-service communication Implementing persistent storage with volumes Deploying applications to development, staging, or production Creating reproducible development environments Managing application lifecycle (start, stop, rebuild, scale) Monitoring application health and implementing health checks Migrating from single containers to multi-service architectures Testing distributed systems locally Core Concepts Docker Compose Philosophy

Docker Compose simplifies multi-container application management through:

Declarative Configuration: Define entire application stacks in YAML Service Abstraction: Each component is a service with its own configuration Automatic Networking: Services can communicate by name automatically Volume Management: Persistent data and shared storage across containers Environment Isolation: Each project gets its own network namespace Reproducibility: Same configuration works across all environments Key Docker Compose Entities Services: Individual containers and their configurations Networks: Communication channels between services Volumes: Persistent storage and data sharing Configs: Non-sensitive configuration files Secrets: Sensitive data (passwords, API keys) Projects: Collection of services under a single namespace Compose File Structure version: "3.8" # Compose file format version

services: # Define containers service-name: # Service configuration

networks: # Define custom networks network-name: # Network configuration

volumes: # Define named volumes volume-name: # Volume configuration

configs: # Application configs (optional) config-name: # Config source

secrets: # Sensitive data (optional) secret-name: # Secret source

Service Definition Patterns Basic Service Definition services: web: image: nginx:alpine # Use existing image container_name: my-web # Custom container name restart: unless-stopped # Restart policy ports: - "80:80" # Host:Container port mapping environment: - ENV_VAR=value # Environment variables volumes: - ./html:/usr/share/nginx/html # Volume mount networks: - frontend # Connect to network

Build-Based Service services: app: build: context: ./app # Build context directory dockerfile: Dockerfile # Custom Dockerfile args: # Build arguments NODE_ENV: development target: development # Multi-stage build target image: myapp:latest # Tag resulting image ports: - "3000:3000"

Service with Dependencies services: web: image: nginx depends_on: db: condition: service_healthy # Wait for health check redis: condition: service_started # Wait for start only

db: image: postgres:15 healthcheck: test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U postgres"] interval: 10s timeout: 5s retries: 5 start_period: 30s

redis: image: redis:alpine

Service with Advanced Configuration services: backend: build: ./backend command: npm run dev # Override default command working_dir: /app # Set working directory user: "1000:1000" # Run as specific user hostname: api-server # Custom hostname domainname: example.com # Domain name env_file: - .env # Load env from file - .env.local environment: DATABASE_URL: "postgresql://db:5432/myapp" REDIS_URL: "redis://cache:6379" volumes: - ./backend:/app # Source code mount - /app/node_modules # Preserve node_modules - app-data:/data # Named volume ports: - "3000:3000" # Application port - "9229:9229" # Debug port expose: - "8080" # Expose to other services only networks: - backend - frontend labels: - "com.example.description=Backend API" - "com.example.version=1.0" logging: driver: json-file options: max-size: "10m" max-file: "3" deploy: resources: limits: cpus: '2' memory: 1G reservations: cpus: '0.5' memory: 512M

Multi-Container Application Patterns Pattern 1: Full-Stack Web Application

Scenario: React frontend + Node.js backend + PostgreSQL database

version: "3.8"

services: # Frontend React Application frontend: build: context: ./frontend dockerfile: Dockerfile target: development ports: - "3000:3000" volumes: - ./frontend/src:/app/src - /app/node_modules environment: - REACT_APP_API_URL=http://localhost:4000/api - CHOKIDAR_USEPOLLING=true # For hot reload networks: - frontend depends_on: - backend

# Backend Node.js API backend: build: context: ./backend dockerfile: Dockerfile ports: - "4000:4000" - "9229:9229" # Debugger volumes: - ./backend:/app - /app/node_modules environment: - NODE_ENV=development - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://postgres:password@db:5432/myapp - REDIS_URL=redis://cache:6379 - JWT_SECRET=dev-secret env_file: - ./backend/.env.local networks: - frontend - backend depends_on: db: condition: service_healthy cache: condition: service_started command: npm run dev

# PostgreSQL Database db: image: postgres:15-alpine container_name: postgres-db restart: unless-stopped ports: - "5432:5432" environment: - POSTGRES_USER=postgres - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password - POSTGRES_DB=myapp volumes: - postgres-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data - ./database/init.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql networks: - backend healthcheck: test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U postgres"] interval: 10s timeout: 5s retries: 5

# Redis Cache cache: image: redis:7-alpine container_name: redis-cache restart: unless-stopped ports: - "6379:6379" volumes: - redis-data:/data networks: - backend command: redis-server --appendonly yes healthcheck: test: ["CMD", "redis-cli", "ping"] interval: 10s timeout: 3s retries: 5

networks: frontend: driver: bridge backend: driver: bridge

volumes: postgres-data: driver: local redis-data: driver: local

Pattern 2: Microservices Architecture

Scenario: Multiple services with reverse proxy and service discovery

version: "3.8"

services: # NGINX Reverse Proxy proxy: image: nginx:alpine container_name: reverse-proxy ports: - "80:80" - "443:443" volumes: - ./nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro - ./nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d:ro - ./ssl:/etc/nginx/ssl:ro networks: - public depends_on: - auth-service - user-service - order-service restart: unless-stopped

# Authentication Service auth-service: build: ./services/auth container_name: auth-service expose: - "8001" environment: - SERVICE_NAME=auth - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://db:5432/auth_db - JWT_SECRET=${JWT_SECRET} networks: - public - internal depends_on: db: condition: service_healthy healthcheck: test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:8001/health"] interval: 30s timeout: 10s retries: 3

# User Service user-service: build: ./services/user container_name: user-service expose: - "8002" environment: - SERVICE_NAME=user - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://db:5432/user_db - AUTH_SERVICE_URL=http://auth-service:8001 networks: - public - internal depends_on: - auth-service - db healthcheck: test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:8002/health"] interval: 30s timeout: 10s retries: 3

# Order Service order-service: build: ./services/order container_name: order-service expose: - "8003" environment: - SERVICE_NAME=order - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://db:5432/order_db - USER_SERVICE_URL=http://user-service:8002 - RABBITMQ_URL=amqp://rabbitmq:5672 networks: - public - internal depends_on: - user-service - db - rabbitmq healthcheck: test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:8003/health"] interval: 30s timeout: 10s retries: 3

# Shared PostgreSQL Database db: image: postgres:15-alpine container_name: postgres-db environment: - POSTGRES_USER=postgres - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD} volumes: - postgres-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data - ./database/init-multi-db.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql networks: - internal healthcheck: test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U postgres"] interval: 10s timeout: 5s retries: 5

# RabbitMQ Message Broker rabbitmq: image: rabbitmq:3-management-alpine container_name: rabbitmq ports: - "5672:5672" # AMQP - "15672:15672" # Management UI environment: - RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=admin - RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=${RABBITMQ_PASSWORD} volumes: - rabbitmq-data:/var/lib/rabbitmq networks: - internal healthcheck: test: ["CMD", "rabbitmq-diagnostics", "ping"] interval: 30s timeout: 10s retries: 5

networks: public: driver: bridge internal: driver: bridge internal: true # No external access

volumes: postgres-data: rabbitmq-data:

Pattern 3: Development Environment with Hot Reload

Scenario: Development setup with live code reloading and debugging

version: "3.8"

services: # Development Frontend frontend-dev: build: context: ./frontend dockerfile: Dockerfile.dev ports: - "3000:3000" - "9222:9222" # Chrome DevTools volumes: - ./frontend:/app - /app/node_modules - /app/.next # Next.js build cache environment: - NODE_ENV=development - WATCHPACK_POLLING=true - NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL=http://localhost:4000 networks: - dev-network stdin_open: true tty: true command: npm run dev

# Development Backend backend-dev: build: context: ./backend dockerfile: Dockerfile.dev ports: - "4000:4000" - "9229:9229" # Node.js debugger volumes: - ./backend:/app - /app/node_modules environment: - NODE_ENV=development - DEBUG=app:* - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://postgres:dev@db:5432/dev_db networks: - dev-network depends_on: - db - mailhog command: npm run dev:debug

# PostgreSQL with pgAdmin db: image: postgres:15-alpine environment: - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=dev - POSTGRES_DB=dev_db ports: - "5432:5432" volumes: - dev-db-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data networks: - dev-network

pgadmin: image: dpage/pgadmin4:latest environment: - PGADMIN_DEFAULT_EMAIL=admin@dev.local - PGADMIN_DEFAULT_PASSWORD=admin ports: - "5050:80" networks: - dev-network depends_on: - db

# MailHog for Email Testing mailhog: image: mailhog/mailhog:latest ports: - "1025:1025" # SMTP - "8025:8025" # Web UI networks: - dev-network

networks: dev-network: driver: bridge

volumes: dev-db-data:

Networking Strategies Default Bridge Network services: web: image: nginx # Automatically connected to default network

app: image: myapp # Can communicate with 'web' via service name

Custom Bridge Networks version: "3.8"

services: frontend: image: react-app networks: - public

backend: image: api-server networks: - public # Accessible from frontend - private # Accessible from database

database: image: postgres networks: - private # Isolated from frontend

networks: public: driver: bridge private: driver: bridge internal: true # No internet access

Network Aliases services: api: image: api-server networks: backend: aliases: - api-server - api.internal - api-v1.internal

networks: backend: driver: bridge

Host Network Mode services: app: image: myapp network_mode: "host" # Use host network stack # No port mapping needed, uses host ports directly

Custom Network Configuration networks: custom-network: driver: bridge driver_opts: com.docker.network.bridge.name: br-custom ipam: driver: default config: - subnet: 172.28.0.0/16 gateway: 172.28.0.1 labels: - "com.example.description=Custom network"

Volume Management Named Volumes version: "3.8"

services: db: image: postgres:15 volumes: - postgres-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data # Named volume

backup: image: postgres:15 volumes: - postgres-data:/backup:ro # Read-only mount command: pg_dump -U postgres > /backup/dump.sql

volumes: postgres-data: driver: local driver_opts: type: none o: bind device: /path/on/host

Bind Mounts services: web: image: nginx volumes: # Relative path bind mount - ./html:/usr/share/nginx/html

  # Absolute path bind mount
  - /var/log/nginx:/var/log/nginx

  # Read-only bind mount
  - ./config/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro

tmpfs Mounts (In-Memory) services: app: image: myapp tmpfs: - /tmp - /run # Or with options: volumes: - type: tmpfs target: /app/cache tmpfs: size: 1000000000 # 1GB

Volume Sharing Between Services services: app: image: myapp volumes: - shared-data:/data

worker: image: worker volumes: - shared-data:/data

backup: image: backup-tool volumes: - shared-data:/backup:ro

volumes: shared-data:

Advanced Volume Configuration volumes: data: driver: local driver_opts: type: "nfs" o: "addr=10.40.0.199,nolock,soft,rw" device: ":/docker/example"

cache: driver: local driver_opts: type: tmpfs device: tmpfs o: "size=100m,uid=1000"

external-volume: external: true # Volume created outside Compose name: my-existing-volume

Health Checks HTTP Health Check services: web: image: nginx healthcheck: test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost/health"] interval: 30s timeout: 10s retries: 3 start_period: 40s

Database Health Check services: postgres: image: postgres:15 healthcheck: test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U postgres"] interval: 10s timeout: 5s retries: 5 start_period: 30s

mysql: image: mysql:8 healthcheck: test: ["CMD", "mysqladmin", "ping", "-h", "localhost"] interval: 10s timeout: 5s retries: 3

mongodb: image: mongo:6 healthcheck: test: ["CMD", "mongosh", "--eval", "db.adminCommand('ping')"] interval: 10s timeout: 5s retries: 5

Application Health Check services: app: build: ./app healthcheck: test: ["CMD", "node", "healthcheck.js"] interval: 30s timeout: 10s retries: 3 start_period: 60s

api: build: ./api healthcheck: test: ["CMD-SHELL", "wget --no-verbose --tries=1 --spider http://localhost:3000/health || exit 1"] interval: 30s timeout: 10s retries: 3

Complex Health Checks services: redis: image: redis:alpine healthcheck: test: | sh -c ' redis-cli ping | grep PONG && redis-cli --raw incr ping | grep 1 ' interval: 10s timeout: 3s retries: 5

Development vs Production Configurations Base Configuration (compose.yaml) version: "3.8"

services: web: image: myapp:latest environment: - NODE_ENV=production networks: - app-network

db: image: postgres:15-alpine networks: - app-network

networks: app-network: driver: bridge

Development Override (compose.override.yaml)

Automatically merged with compose.yaml in development

version: "3.8"

services: web: build: context: . target: development volumes: - ./src:/app/src # Live code reload - /app/node_modules ports: - "3000:3000" # Expose for local access - "9229:9229" # Debugger port environment: - NODE_ENV=development - DEBUG=* command: npm run dev

db: ports: - "5432:5432" # Expose for local tools environment: - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=dev volumes: - ./init-dev.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql

Production Configuration (compose.prod.yaml) version: "3.8"

services: web: image: myapp:${VERSION:-latest} restart: always environment: - NODE_ENV=production deploy: replicas: 3 resources: limits: cpus: '2' memory: 2G reservations: cpus: '1' memory: 1G update_config: parallelism: 1 delay: 10s failure_action: rollback rollback_config: parallelism: 1 delay: 5s logging: driver: json-file options: max-size: "10m" max-file: "5"

db: image: postgres:15-alpine restart: always environment: - POSTGRES_PASSWORD_FILE=/run/secrets/db_password secrets: - db_password volumes: - postgres-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data deploy: resources: limits: cpus: '2' memory: 4G

# Production additions nginx: image: nginx:alpine ports: - "80:80" - "443:443" volumes: - ./nginx/prod.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro - ssl-certs:/etc/nginx/ssl:ro restart: always depends_on: - web

secrets: db_password: external: true

volumes: postgres-data: driver: local ssl-certs: external: true

Staging Configuration (compose.staging.yaml) version: "3.8"

services: web: image: myapp:staging-${VERSION:-latest} restart: unless-stopped environment: - NODE_ENV=staging deploy: replicas: 2 resources: limits: cpus: '1' memory: 1G

db: environment: - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD} volumes: - staging-db-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data

volumes: staging-db-data:

Essential Docker Compose Commands Project Management

Start services

docker compose up # Foreground docker compose up -d # Detached (background) docker compose up --build # Rebuild images docker compose up --force-recreate # Recreate containers docker compose up --scale web=3 # Scale service to 3 instances

Stop services

docker compose stop # Stop containers docker compose down # Stop and remove containers/networks docker compose down -v # Also remove volumes docker compose down --rmi all # Also remove images

Restart services

docker compose restart # Restart all services docker compose restart web # Restart specific service

Service Management

Build services

docker compose build # Build all services docker compose build web # Build specific service docker compose build --no-cache # Build without cache docker compose build --pull # Pull latest base images

View services

docker compose ps # List containers docker compose ps -a # Include stopped containers docker compose top # Display running processes docker compose images # List images

Logs

docker compose logs # View all logs docker compose logs -f # Follow logs docker compose logs web # Service-specific logs docker compose logs --tail=100 web # Last 100 lines

Execution and Debugging

Execute commands

docker compose exec web sh # Interactive shell docker compose exec web npm test # Run command docker compose exec -u root web sh # Run as root

Run one-off commands

docker compose run web npm install # Run command in new container docker compose run --rm web test # Remove container after docker compose run --no-deps web sh # Don't start dependencies

Configuration Management

Multiple compose files

docker compose -f compose.yaml -f compose.prod.yaml up

Environment-specific deployment

docker compose --env-file .env.prod up docker compose -p myproject up # Custom project name

Configuration validation

docker compose config # Validate and view config docker compose config --quiet # Only validation docker compose config --services # List services docker compose config --volumes # List volumes

15+ Compose Examples Example 1: NGINX + PHP + MySQL (LAMP Stack) version: "3.8"

services: nginx: image: nginx:alpine ports: - "80:80" volumes: - ./public:/var/www/html - ./nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro networks: - lamp depends_on: - php

php: build: context: ./php dockerfile: Dockerfile volumes: - ./public:/var/www/html networks: - lamp depends_on: - mysql

mysql: image: mysql:8.0 environment: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: secret MYSQL_DATABASE: myapp MYSQL_USER: user MYSQL_PASSWORD: password volumes: - mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql networks: - lamp

networks: lamp:

volumes: mysql-data:

Example 2: Django + PostgreSQL + Redis + Celery version: "3.8"

services: web: build: . command: python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000 volumes: - .:/code ports: - "8000:8000" environment: - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://postgres:postgres@db:5432/django_db - REDIS_URL=redis://redis:6379/0 depends_on: - db - redis

db: image: postgres:15-alpine environment: POSTGRES_DB: django_db POSTGRES_USER: postgres POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres volumes: - postgres-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data

redis: image: redis:alpine volumes: - redis-data:/data

celery: build: . command: celery -A myproject worker -l info volumes: - .:/code environment: - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://postgres:postgres@db:5432/django_db - REDIS_URL=redis://redis:6379/0 depends_on: - db - redis

celery-beat: build: . command: celery -A myproject beat -l info volumes: - .:/code environment: - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://postgres:postgres@db:5432/django_db - REDIS_URL=redis://redis:6379/0 depends_on: - db - redis

volumes: postgres-data: redis-data:

Example 3: React + Node.js + MongoDB + NGINX version: "3.8"

services: frontend: build: context: ./frontend args: REACT_APP_API_URL: http://localhost/api volumes: - ./frontend:/app - /app/node_modules environment: - CHOKIDAR_USEPOLLING=true networks: - app-network

backend: build: ./backend ports: - "5000:5000" volumes: - ./backend:/app - /app/node_modules environment: - MONGODB_URI=mongodb://mongo:27017/myapp - JWT_SECRET=dev-secret depends_on: - mongo networks: - app-network

mongo: image: mongo:6 ports: - "27017:27017" volumes: - mongo-data:/data/db - mongo-config:/data/configdb environment: - MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME=admin - MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD=secret networks: - app-network

nginx: image: nginx:alpine ports: - "80:80" volumes: - ./nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro depends_on: - frontend - backend networks: - app-network

networks: app-network: driver: bridge

volumes: mongo-data: mongo-config:

Example 4: Spring Boot + MySQL + Adminer version: "3.8"

services: app: build: context: . dockerfile: Dockerfile ports: - "8080:8080" environment: - SPRING_DATASOURCE_URL=jdbc:mysql://db:3306/springdb?useSSL=false - SPRING_DATASOURCE_USERNAME=root - SPRING_DATASOURCE_PASSWORD=secret - SPRING_JPA_HIBERNATE_DDL_AUTO=update depends_on: db: condition: service_healthy networks: - spring-network

db: image: mysql:8.0 environment: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: secret MYSQL_DATABASE: springdb volumes: - mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql networks: - spring-network healthcheck: test: ["CMD", "mysqladmin", "ping", "-h", "localhost"] interval: 10s timeout: 5s retries: 5

adminer: image: adminer:latest ports: - "8081:8080" environment: ADMINER_DEFAULT_SERVER: db networks: - spring-network

networks: spring-network:

volumes: mysql-data:

Example 5: WordPress + MySQL + phpMyAdmin version: "3.8"

services: wordpress: image: wordpress:latest ports: - "8000:80" environment: WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: db:3306 WORDPRESS_DB_USER: wordpress WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: wordpress WORDPRESS_DB_NAME: wordpress volumes: - wordpress-data:/var/www/html depends_on: - db networks: - wordpress-network

db: image: mysql:8.0 environment: MYSQL_DATABASE: wordpress MYSQL_USER: wordpress MYSQL_PASSWORD: wordpress MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: rootpassword volumes: - db-data:/var/lib/mysql networks: - wordpress-network

phpmyadmin: image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin:latest ports: - "8080:80" environment: PMA_HOST: db PMA_USER: root PMA_PASSWORD: rootpassword depends_on: - db networks: - wordpress-network

networks: wordpress-network:

volumes: wordpress-data: db-data:

Example 6: Elasticsearch + Kibana + Logstash (ELK Stack) version: "3.8"

services: elasticsearch: image: docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch:8.10.0 container_name: elasticsearch environment: - discovery.type=single-node - "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m" - xpack.security.enabled=false ports: - "9200:9200" - "9300:9300" volumes: - elasticsearch-data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data networks: - elk

logstash: image: docker.elastic.co/logstash/logstash:8.10.0 container_name: logstash volumes: - ./logstash/pipeline:/usr/share/logstash/pipeline:ro - ./logstash/config/logstash.yml:/usr/share/logstash/config/logstash.yml:ro ports: - "5000:5000" - "9600:9600" environment: LS_JAVA_OPTS: "-Xmx256m -Xms256m" networks: - elk depends_on: - elasticsearch

kibana: image: docker.elastic.co/kibana/kibana:8.10.0 container_name: kibana ports: - "5601:5601" environment: ELASTICSEARCH_URL: http://elasticsearch:9200 ELASTICSEARCH_HOSTS: http://elasticsearch:9200 networks: - elk depends_on: - elasticsearch

networks: elk: driver: bridge

volumes: elasticsearch-data:

Example 7: GitLab + GitLab Runner version: "3.8"

services: gitlab: image: gitlab/gitlab-ce:latest container_name: gitlab restart: unless-stopped hostname: gitlab.local environment: GITLAB_OMNIBUS_CONFIG: | external_url 'http://gitlab.local' gitlab_rails['gitlab_shell_ssh_port'] = 2222 ports: - "80:80" - "443:443" - "2222:22" volumes: - gitlab-config:/etc/gitlab - gitlab-logs:/var/log/gitlab - gitlab-data:/var/opt/gitlab networks: - gitlab-network

gitlab-runner: image: gitlab/gitlab-runner:latest container_name: gitlab-runner restart: unless-stopped volumes: - gitlab-runner-config:/etc/gitlab-runner - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock networks: - gitlab-network depends_on: - gitlab

networks: gitlab-network:

volumes: gitlab-config: gitlab-logs: gitlab-data: gitlab-runner-config:

Example 8: Jenkins + Docker-in-Docker version: "3.8"

services: jenkins: image: jenkins/jenkins:lts container_name: jenkins user: root ports: - "8080:8080" - "50000:50000" volumes: - jenkins-data:/var/jenkins_home - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock - /usr/bin/docker:/usr/bin/docker environment: - JAVA_OPTS=-Djenkins.install.runSetupWizard=false networks: - jenkins-network

jenkins-agent: image: jenkins/inbound-agent:latest container_name: jenkins-agent environment: - JENKINS_URL=http://jenkins:8080 - JENKINS_AGENT_NAME=agent1 - JENKINS_SECRET=${AGENT_SECRET} - JENKINS_AGENT_WORKDIR=/home/jenkins/agent volumes: - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock networks: - jenkins-network depends_on: - jenkins

networks: jenkins-network:

volumes: jenkins-data:

Example 9: Prometheus + Grafana + Node Exporter version: "3.8"

services: prometheus: image: prom/prometheus:latest container_name: prometheus ports: - "9090:9090" volumes: - ./prometheus/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml:ro - prometheus-data:/prometheus command: - '--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml' - '--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus' networks: - monitoring

grafana: image: grafana/grafana:latest container_name: grafana ports: - "3000:3000" environment: - GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_USER=admin - GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_PASSWORD=admin - GF_INSTALL_PLUGINS=grafana-piechart-panel volumes: - grafana-data:/var/lib/grafana - ./grafana/provisioning:/etc/grafana/provisioning:ro networks: - monitoring depends_on: - prometheus

node-exporter: image: prom/node-exporter:latest container_name: node-exporter ports: - "9100:9100" volumes: - /proc:/host/proc:ro - /sys:/host/sys:ro - /:/rootfs:ro command: - '--path.procfs=/host/proc' - '--path.sysfs=/host/sys' - '--collector.filesystem.mount-points-exclude=^/(sys|proc|dev|host|etc)($$|/)' networks: - monitoring

networks: monitoring:

volumes: prometheus-data: grafana-data:

Example 10: RabbitMQ + Multiple Consumers version: "3.8"

services: rabbitmq: image: rabbitmq:3-management-alpine container_name: rabbitmq ports: - "5672:5672" # AMQP - "15672:15672" # Management UI environment: RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER: admin RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS: secret volumes: - rabbitmq-data:/var/lib/rabbitmq - ./rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf:/etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf:ro networks: - messaging healthcheck: test: ["CMD", "rabbitmq-diagnostics", "ping"] interval: 30s timeout: 10s retries: 5

producer: build: ./services/producer environment: RABBITMQ_URL: amqp://admin:secret@rabbitmq:5672 depends_on: rabbitmq: condition: service_healthy networks: - messaging

consumer-1: build: ./services/consumer environment: RABBITMQ_URL: amqp://admin:secret@rabbitmq:5672 WORKER_ID: 1 depends_on: rabbitmq: condition: service_healthy networks: - messaging deploy: replicas: 3

consumer-2: build: ./services/consumer environment: RABBITMQ_URL: amqp://admin:secret@rabbitmq:5672 WORKER_ID: 2 depends_on: rabbitmq: condition: service_healthy networks: - messaging

networks: messaging:

volumes: rabbitmq-data:

Example 11: Traefik Reverse Proxy version: "3.8"

services: traefik: image: traefik:v2.10 container_name: traefik command: - --api.insecure=true - --providers.docker=true - --providers.docker.exposedbydefault=false - --entrypoints.web.address=:80 - --entrypoints.websecure.address=:443 ports: - "80:80" - "443:443" - "8080:8080" # Traefik dashboard volumes: - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro - ./traefik/traefik.yml:/etc/traefik/traefik.yml:ro - ./traefik/dynamic:/etc/traefik/dynamic:ro networks: - traefik-network

whoami: image: traefik/whoami labels: - "traefik.enable=true" - "traefik.http.routers.whoami.rule=Host(whoami.local)" - "traefik.http.routers.whoami.entrypoints=web" networks: - traefik-network

app: image: nginx:alpine labels: - "traefik.enable=true" - "traefik.http.routers.app.rule=Host(app.local)" - "traefik.http.routers.app.entrypoints=web" - "traefik.http.services.app.loadbalancer.server.port=80" networks: - traefik-network

networks: traefik-network: driver: bridge

Example 12: MinIO + PostgreSQL Backup version: "3.8"

services: minio: image: minio/minio:latest container_name: minio command: server /data --console-address ":9001" ports: - "9000:9000" - "9001:9001" environment: MINIO_ROOT_USER: minioadmin MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD: minioadmin volumes: - minio-data:/data networks: - storage healthcheck: test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:9000/minio/health/live"] interval: 30s timeout: 20s retries: 3

postgres: image: postgres:15-alpine environment: POSTGRES_DB: myapp POSTGRES_USER: postgres POSTGRES_PASSWORD: secret volumes: - postgres-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data networks: - storage

backup: image: postgres:15-alpine environment: POSTGRES_HOST: postgres POSTGRES_DB: myapp POSTGRES_USER: postgres POSTGRES_PASSWORD: secret MINIO_ENDPOINT: minio:9000 MINIO_ACCESS_KEY: minioadmin MINIO_SECRET_KEY: minioadmin volumes: - ./scripts/backup.sh:/backup.sh:ro entrypoint: ["/bin/sh", "/backup.sh"] depends_on: - postgres - minio networks: - storage

networks: storage:

volumes: minio-data: postgres-data:

Example 13: Apache Kafka + Zookeeper version: "3.8"

services: zookeeper: image: confluentinc/cp-zookeeper:latest container_name: zookeeper environment: ZOOKEEPER_CLIENT_PORT: 2181 ZOOKEEPER_TICK_TIME: 2000 ports: - "2181:2181" volumes: - zookeeper-data:/var/lib/zookeeper/data - zookeeper-logs:/var/lib/zookeeper/log networks: - kafka-network

kafka: image: confluentinc/cp-kafka:latest container_name: kafka depends_on: - zookeeper ports: - "9092:9092" - "29092:29092" environment: KAFKA_BROKER_ID: 1 KAFKA_ZOOKEEPER_CONNECT: zookeeper:2181 KAFKA_ADVERTISED_LISTENERS: PLAINTEXT://kafka:9092,PLAINTEXT_HOST://localhost:29092 KAFKA_LISTENER_SECURITY_PROTOCOL_MAP: PLAINTEXT:PLAINTEXT,PLAINTEXT_HOST:PLAINTEXT KAFKA_INTER_BROKER_LISTENER_NAME: PLAINTEXT KAFKA_OFFSETS_TOPIC_REPLICATION_FACTOR: 1 volumes: - kafka-data:/var/lib/kafka/data networks: - kafka-network

kafka-ui: image: provectuslabs/kafka-ui:latest container_name: kafka-ui depends_on: - kafka ports: - "8080:8080" environment: KAFKA_CLUSTERS_0_NAME: local KAFKA_CLUSTERS_0_BOOTSTRAPSERVERS: kafka:9092 KAFKA_CLUSTERS_0_ZOOKEEPER: zookeeper:2181 networks: - kafka-network

networks: kafka-network:

volumes: zookeeper-data: zookeeper-logs: kafka-data:

Example 14: Keycloak + PostgreSQL (Identity & Access Management) version: "3.8"

services: postgres: image: postgres:15-alpine container_name: keycloak-db environment: POSTGRES_DB: keycloak POSTGRES_USER: keycloak POSTGRES_PASSWORD: password volumes: - postgres-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data networks: - keycloak-network

keycloak: image: quay.io/keycloak/keycloak:latest container_name: keycloak environment: KC_DB: postgres KC_DB_URL: jdbc:postgresql://postgres:5432/keycloak KC_DB_USERNAME: keycloak KC_DB_PASSWORD: password KEYCLOAK_ADMIN: admin KEYCLOAK_ADMIN_PASSWORD: admin command: start-dev ports: - "8080:8080" depends_on: - postgres networks: - keycloak-network

networks: keycloak-network:

volumes: postgres-data:

Example 15: Portainer (Docker Management UI) version: "3.8"

services: portainer: image: portainer/portainer-ce:latest container_name: portainer restart: unless-stopped ports: - "9000:9000" - "8000:8000" volumes: - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock - portainer-data:/data networks: - portainer-network

networks: portainer-network:

volumes: portainer-data:

Example 16: SonarQube + PostgreSQL (Code Quality) version: "3.8"

services: sonarqube: image: sonarqube:community container_name: sonarqube depends_on: - db environment: SONAR_JDBC_URL: jdbc:postgresql://db:5432/sonar SONAR_JDBC_USERNAME: sonar SONAR_JDBC_PASSWORD: sonar volumes: - sonarqube-conf:/opt/sonarqube/conf - sonarqube-data:/opt/sonarqube/data - sonarqube-logs:/opt/sonarqube/logs - sonarqube-extensions:/opt/sonarqube/extensions ports: - "9000:9000" networks: - sonarqube-network

db: image: postgres:15-alpine container_name: sonarqube-db environment: POSTGRES_USER: sonar POSTGRES_PASSWORD: sonar POSTGRES_DB: sonar volumes: - postgresql-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data networks: - sonarqube-network

networks: sonarqube-network:

volumes: sonarqube-conf: sonarqube-data: sonarqube-logs: sonarqube-extensions: postgresql-data:

Best Practices Service Configuration Use Specific Image Tags: Avoid latest in production Health Checks: Always define health checks for critical services Resource Limits: Set CPU and memory limits in production Restart Policies: Use appropriate restart policies Environment Variables: Use .env files for sensitive data Named Volumes: Use named volumes for data persistence Network Isolation: Separate frontend/backend networks Logging Configuration: Set up proper log rotation Development Workflow Hot Reload: Mount source code as volumes for live updates Debug Ports: Expose debugger ports in development Override Files: Use compose.override.yaml for local config Build Caching: Structure Dockerfiles for efficient caching Separate Concerns: One process per container Service Naming: Use descriptive, consistent service names Security Secrets Management: Use Docker secrets or external secret managers Non-Root Users: Run containers as non-root users Read-Only Filesystems: Mount volumes as read-only when possible Network Segmentation: Use multiple networks for isolation Environment Isolation: Never commit sensitive .env files Image Scanning: Scan images for vulnerabilities Minimal Base Images: Use Alpine or distroless images Production Deployment Image Versioning: Tag images with semantic versions Rolling Updates: Configure gradual rollout strategies Monitoring: Integrate with monitoring solutions Backup Strategy: Implement automated backups High Availability: Deploy replicas of critical services Load Balancing: Use reverse proxies for load distribution Configuration Management: Externalize configuration Disaster Recovery: Test backup and restore procedures Troubleshooting Common Issues

Services can't communicate

Check network configuration Verify service names are correct Ensure services are on same network Check firewall rules

Volumes not persisting

Verify named volumes are defined Check volume mount paths Ensure proper permissions Review Docker volume driver

Services failing health checks

Increase start_period Verify health check command Check service logs Ensure dependencies are ready

Port conflicts

Check for existing services on ports Use different host ports Review port mapping syntax

Build failures

Clear build cache: docker compose build --no-cache Check Dockerfile syntax Verify build context Review build arguments Debugging Commands

View detailed container information

docker compose ps -a docker compose logs -f service-name docker inspect container-name

Execute commands in running containers

docker compose exec service-name sh docker compose exec service-name env

Check network connectivity

docker compose exec service-name ping other-service docker compose exec service-name netstat -tulpn

Review configuration

docker compose config docker compose config --services docker compose config --volumes

Clean up resources

docker compose down -v docker system prune -a --volumes

Advanced Usage Multi-Stage Builds for Optimization services: app: build: context: . dockerfile: Dockerfile target: production # Dockerfile uses multi-stage builds

Development stage

FROM node:18-alpine AS development WORKDIR /app COPY package*.json ./ RUN npm install COPY . . CMD ["npm", "run", "dev"]

Build stage

FROM node:18-alpine AS builder WORKDIR /app COPY package*.json ./ RUN npm ci --only=production COPY . . RUN npm run build

Production stage

FROM node:18-alpine AS production WORKDIR /app COPY --from=builder /app/dist ./dist COPY --from=builder /app/node_modules ./node_modules COPY package*.json ./ EXPOSE 3000 CMD ["node", "dist/index.js"]

Environment-Specific Deployments

Development

docker compose up

Staging

docker compose -f compose.yaml -f compose.staging.yaml up

Production

docker compose -f compose.yaml -f compose.prod.yaml up -d

With environment file

docker compose --env-file .env.prod -f compose.yaml -f compose.prod.yaml up -d

Scaling Services

Scale specific service

docker compose up -d --scale worker=5

Scale multiple services

docker compose up -d --scale worker=5 --scale consumer=3

Conditional Service Activation with Profiles services: web: image: nginx # Always starts

debug: image: debug-tools profiles: - debug # Only starts with --profile debug

test: build: . profiles: - test # Only starts with --profile test

Start with debug profile

docker compose --profile debug up

Start with multiple profiles

docker compose --profile debug --profile test up

Quick Reference Essential Commands

Start and manage

docker compose up -d # Start detached docker compose down # Stop and remove docker compose restart # Restart all docker compose stop # Stop without removing

Build and pull

docker compose build # Build all images docker compose pull # Pull all images docker compose build --no-cache # Clean build

View and monitor

docker compose ps # List containers docker compose logs -f # Follow logs docker compose top # Running processes docker compose events # Real-time events

Execute and debug

docker compose exec service sh # Interactive shell docker compose run --rm service cmd # One-off command

File Structure project/ ├── compose.yaml # Base configuration ├── compose.override.yaml # Local overrides (auto-loaded) ├── compose.prod.yaml # Production config ├── compose.staging.yaml # Staging config ├── .env # Default environment ├── .env.prod # Production environment ├── services/ │ ├── frontend/ │ │ ├── Dockerfile │ │ └── src/ │ ├── backend/ │ │ ├── Dockerfile │ │ └── src/ │ └── worker/ │ ├── Dockerfile │ └── src/ └── docker/ ├── nginx/ │ └── nginx.conf └── scripts/ └── init.sql

Resources Docker Compose Documentation: https://docs.docker.com/compose/ Compose File Specification: https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/ Docker Hub: https://hub.docker.com/ Awesome Compose Examples: https://github.com/docker/awesome-compose Docker Compose GitHub: https://github.com/docker/compose Best Practices Guide: https://docs.docker.com/develop/dev-best-practices/

Skill Version: 1.0.0 Last Updated: October 2025 Skill Category: DevOps, Container Orchestration, Application Deployment Compatible With: Docker Compose v3.8+, Docker Engine 20.10+

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