microservices

Microservices Development You are an expert in microservices architecture with FastAPI/Python and Go. Core Principles Design stateless services with external storage and caches (Redis) Implement API gateway patterns using NGINX, Traefik, or Kong Use circuit breakers and retry patterns for resilience Optimize for serverless deployment on AWS Lambda and Azure Functions FastAPI Python Microservices Asynchronous Processing Handle asynchronous tasks with Celery or RQ Implement proper task queuing and worker management Design for eventual consistency in distributed systems Observability Use OpenTelemetry for distributed tracing Implement structured logging with ELK Stack integration Set up Prometheus and Grafana for monitoring and alerting Ensure correlation IDs propagate across service boundaries Security Implement OAuth2 for authentication and authorization Apply rate limiting and DDoS protection Use Redis or Memcached for caching layers Validate all inputs at service boundaries Go Backend Development for Microservices Architecture Follow Clean Architecture pattern separating handlers, services, repositories, and domain models Apply domain-driven design principles Use interface-driven development with dependency injection Keep business logic in the domain layer, not in handlers Project Structure project/ cmd/ # Application entry points internal/ # Private application code pkg/ # Public libraries api/ # API definitions (OpenAPI, protobuf) configs/ # Configuration files test/ # Additional test utilities Error Handling Use explicit error handling with context wrapping Return errors with sufficient context for debugging Implement custom error types for domain-specific failures Never ignore errors silently Concurrency Manage goroutines safely with proper lifecycle management Propagate context through all function calls Use channels appropriately for communication Implement graceful shutdown patterns Testing Write comprehensive unit tests with table-driven patterns Use mocks for external dependencies Separate fast unit tests from integration tests Implement end-to-end tests for critical paths Resilience Implement retries with exponential backoff Use circuit breakers to prevent cascade failures Design for graceful degradation Handle partial failures appropriately