Supabase Database Operations Overview

This skill provides tools for working with Supabase database tables through the REST API. Supports SELECT queries with filtering, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE operations, and calling RPC functions.

Prerequisites

Required environment variables:

export SUPABASE_URL="https://your-project.supabase.co" export SUPABASE_KEY="your-anon-or-service-role-key"

Helper script: This skill uses the shared Supabase API helper. Make sure to source it:

source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../../scripts/supabase-api.sh"

Common Operations SELECT - Query Data

Basic select all:

source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../../scripts/supabase-api.sh"

Get all rows from a table

supabase_get "/rest/v1/your_table?select=*"

Select specific columns:

Get only id and name columns

supabase_get "/rest/v1/users?select=id,name,email"

Filter results:

Equality filter

supabase_get "/rest/v1/users?select=*&email=eq.user@example.com"

Greater than

supabase_get "/rest/v1/products?select=*&price=gt.100"

Less than or equal

supabase_get "/rest/v1/orders?select=*&quantity=lte.10"

Pattern matching (LIKE)

supabase_get "/rest/v1/users?select=&name=like.John*"

In list

supabase_get "/rest/v1/products?select=*&category=in.(electronics,books)"

Is null

supabase_get "/rest/v1/users?select=*&deleted_at=is.null"

Order and limit:

Order by column (ascending)

supabase_get "/rest/v1/posts?select=*&order=created_at.asc"

Order by column (descending)

supabase_get "/rest/v1/posts?select=*&order=created_at.desc"

Limit results

supabase_get "/rest/v1/posts?select=*&limit=10"

Pagination (offset)

supabase_get "/rest/v1/posts?select=*&limit=10&offset=20"

Range pagination

supabase_get "/rest/v1/posts?select=*" -H "Range: 0-9"

Complex queries:

Multiple filters (AND)

supabase_get "/rest/v1/products?select=*&category=eq.electronics&price=gt.100"

OR filter

supabase_get "/rest/v1/users?select=*&or=(status.eq.active,status.eq.pending)"

Nested filters

supabase_get "/rest/v1/users?select=,posts()&posts.published=eq.true"

INSERT - Add Data

Insert single row:

source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../../scripts/supabase-api.sh"

supabase_post "/rest/v1/users" '{ "name": "John Doe", "email": "john@example.com", "age": 30 }'

Insert multiple rows:

supabase_post "/rest/v1/users" '[ { "name": "Alice Smith", "email": "alice@example.com" }, { "name": "Bob Jones", "email": "bob@example.com" } ]'

Upsert (insert or update if exists):

Use Prefer: resolution=merge-duplicates header

curl -s -X POST \ "${SUPABASE_URL}/rest/v1/users" \ -H "apikey: ${SUPABASE_KEY}" \ -H "Authorization: Bearer ${SUPABASE_KEY}" \ -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -H "Prefer: resolution=merge-duplicates" \ -d '{ "id": 1, "name": "Updated Name", "email": "updated@example.com" }'

UPDATE - Modify Data

Update rows matching filter:

source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../../scripts/supabase-api.sh"

Update specific row by id

supabase_patch "/rest/v1/users?id=eq.123" '{ "name": "Updated Name", "email": "newemail@example.com" }'

Update multiple rows

supabase_patch "/rest/v1/products?category=eq.electronics" '{ "discount": 10 }'

DELETE - Remove Data

Delete rows matching filter:

source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../../scripts/supabase-api.sh"

Delete specific row by id

supabase_delete "/rest/v1/users?id=eq.123"

Delete multiple rows

supabase_delete "/rest/v1/logs?created_at=lt.2023-01-01"

RPC - Call Database Functions

Execute stored procedures:

source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/../../scripts/supabase-api.sh"

Call function without parameters

supabase_post "/rest/v1/rpc/function_name" '{}'

Call function with parameters

supabase_post "/rest/v1/rpc/calculate_total" '{ "user_id": 123, "start_date": "2023-01-01", "end_date": "2023-12-31" }'

Filter Operators Reference Operator Description Example eq Equals id=eq.123 neq Not equals status=neq.deleted gt Greater than age=gt.18 gte Greater than or equal price=gte.100 lt Less than quantity=lt.10 lte Less than or equal score=lte.50 like Pattern match (case-sensitive) name=like.John ilike Pattern match (case-insensitive) email=ilike.*@gmail.com is Check for exact value (null, true, false) deleted_at=is.null in In list status=in.(active,pending) not Negate a condition status=not.in.(deleted,banned) or Logical OR or=(status.eq.active,status.eq.pending) and Logical AND and=(age.gte.18,age.lte.65) Response Formatting

Pretty print JSON (requires jq):

supabase_get "/rest/v1/users?select=*" | jq '.'

Extract specific field:

Get just the names

supabase_get "/rest/v1/users?select=name" | jq -r '.[].name'

Count results:

Add Prefer: count=exact header for total count

curl -s -X GET \ "${SUPABASE_URL}/rest/v1/users?select=*" \ -H "apikey: ${SUPABASE_KEY}" \ -H "Authorization: Bearer ${SUPABASE_KEY}" \ -H "Prefer: count=exact" \ -I | grep -i content-range

Common Patterns Check if record exists result=$(supabase_get "/rest/v1/users?select=id&email=eq.test@example.com") if [[ "$result" == "[]" ]]; then echo "User does not exist" else echo "User exists" fi

Create if not exists

Check first

existing=$(supabase_get "/rest/v1/users?select=id&email=eq.test@example.com")

if [[ "$existing" == "[]" ]]; then # Create new user supabase_post "/rest/v1/users" '{ "email": "test@example.com", "name": "Test User" }' echo "User created" else echo "User already exists" fi

Batch operations

Process multiple records

ids=(123 456 789)

for id in "${ids[@]}"; do supabase_patch "/rest/v1/users?id=eq.$id" '{ "updated_at": "'"$(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ)"'" }' done

Error Handling

The helper script automatically handles HTTP errors and displays them. Check return codes:

if supabase_get "/rest/v1/users?select=*"; then echo "Query successful" else echo "Query failed" exit 1 fi

Security Notes Use anon key for client-side operations (respects Row Level Security) Use service role key for admin operations (bypasses RLS - use carefully) Always apply Row Level Security policies in your Supabase dashboard Never commit keys to version control API Documentation

Full Supabase REST API documentation: https://supabase.com/docs/guides/api